- 1270: The last crusade was launched.
                - 1768: Wesley Chapel in New York City became the first Methodist
                  church to open in the U.S.
                - 1775: The first navy in the U.S. was formed with various ships to
                  fight in the Revolutionary War.
                - 1893: The Senate approved repealing the Sherman Silver Purchase Act
                  of 1890.
                - 1894: Daniel Cooper patented the time clock.
                - 1918: The Slovaks agreed to a union with the Czechs under the name
                  Czechoslovakia; Turkey signed an armistice which ended its
                  participation in World War I.
                - 1922: In Italy, King Victor Emmanuel summoned Benito Mussolini and
                  asked him to form a Fascist government.
                - 1932: Director Louis Malle ("Au revoir les enfants," "Atlantic
                  City") was born in France (d: 1995; cancer).
                - 1938: Millions of Americans were panicked by the radio broadcast of
                  "The War of the Worlds," a book by H.G. Wells dramatized by Orson
                  Welles. Many believed its description of a Martian invasion of
                  Earth.
                - 1944: Sweden announced its intention to remain neutral and refuse
                  sanctuary in World War II.
                - 1945: Shoe rationing ended in the U.S.
                - 1953: Gen. George Marshall won the Nobel Peace Prize and Dr. Albert
                  Schweitzer was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for 1952.
                - 1954: The Defense Department said all segregated regiments were
                  abolished.
                - 1961: The Soviet Union tested a hydrogen bomb.
                - 1974: Muhammad Ali accomplished the most remarkable comeback in
                  boxing when, at age 32, he knocked out George Foreman and regained
                  the world heavyweight boxing title.
                - 1990: Engineers digging a rail tunnel under the English Channel
                  connected Britain with France and Europe for the first time since
                  the Ice Age when they linked up under the seabed with the "Chunnel."
                - 1997: A Massachusetts jury found British au pair Louise Woodward
                  guilty of second degree murder for the death of Matthew Eappen, a
                  nearly 9-month-old baby in her care.

                *Happy Birthday*
                ----------------
                - Joseph Wilbur Adcock, 71, former MLB manager/player
                - Joan Ganz Cooney, 69, founded Children's Television Workshop
                - Harry Hamlin, 47, actor, "L.A. Law's" Michael Kuzak
                - Claude Lelouch, 61, French movie director, "A Man and A Woman"
                - Albert Rice Leventhal, 91, publisher, Little Golden Books
                - Diego Maradona, 38, soccer player, consensus Player of Decade in
                  1980s
                - Andrea Mitchell, 52, newscaster
                - Kevin Pollak, 40, actor, "Grumpy Old Men," "The Usual Suspects"
                - Charles Martin Smith, 45, actor "Never Cry Wolf"
                - Henry Winkler, 53, actor/director, "Happy Days'" Fonzie