- 1797: Composer Franz Schubert was born in Vienna, Austria.
                     - 1851: Gail Borden announced the invention of evaporated milk.
                     - 1865: Congress approved the Thirteenth Amendment to the
                       Constitution, abolishing slavery. Also: Gen. Robert E. Lee was named
                       commander-in-chief of the Confederate armies.
                     - 1874: Jesse James and his gang robbed a train near Gadshill, Mich.
                       He then handed the engineer a press release describing the robbery.
                     - 1917: Germany served notice that it was beginning a policy of
                       unrestricted submarine warfare.
                     - 1928: Scotch tape was first marketed by 3M Company.
                     - 1936: "The Green Hornet" radio show was first heard on WXYZ Radio
                       in Detroit.
                     - 1944: Operation Overlord (the invasion of Europe known later as
                       D-Day) was postponed until June. Also: U.S. forces began invading
                       Kwajalein Atoll and other parts of the Japanese-held Marshall
                       Islands.
                     - 1945: Pvt. Eddie Slovik became the only American soldier since
                       the Civil War to be executed for desertion. He was shot by an
                       American firing squad in France.
                     - 1949: "These Are My Children," the first TV daytime soap opera, was
                       broadcast from the NBC station in Chicago.
                     - 1950: President Harry S. Truman announced he had ordered development
                       of the hydrogen bomb.
                     - 1958: The United States entered the Space Age with its first
                       successful launch of a satellite from Cape Canaveral into orbit, the
                       Explorer I, from Cape Canaveral, Fla.
                     - 1961: Ham the chimp became the first animal sent into space by the
                       United States in a test of the Mercury/Redstone 2 space capsule,
                       158 miles above the earth.
                     - 1969: The Beatles performed their last live gig together with an
                       impromptu 42-minute concert on the roof of their Apple headquarters
                       in London.
                     - 1971: Astronauts Alan B. Shepard Jr., Edgar D. Mitchell and Stuart
                       A. Roosa blasted off aboard Apollo 14 on a mission to the moon.
                     - 1984: Edwin Newman retired from NBC News after 35 years with the
                       network.
                     - 1986: Mary Lund of Kensington, Minn., became the first female
                       recipient of an artificial heart.
                     - 1990: McDonald's Corporation opened its first fast-food restaurant
                       in Moscow.
                     - 1992: Trans World Airlines Inc. (TWA) filed for bankruptcy
                       protection.
                     - 1994: German luxury car-maker BMW announced the purchase of Rover
                       from British Aerospace, ending nearly a century of independent mass
                       car production in Britain.
                     - 1998: Chinese authorities paroled veteran dissident Zhang Xiaoxu,
                       jailed for 15 years for his role in 1989 demonstrations.

                     *Happy Birthday*
                     ----------------
                     - Ernie Banks, 68, Chicago Cubs' Hall of Fame shortstop/first baseman
                     - Carol Channing, 76, actress/comedienne
                     - Lloyd Cole, 38, singer/musician
                     - Minnie Driver, 28, actress, "Good Will Hunting"
                     - Richard Gephardt, 58, House Democratic Leader
                     - Philip Glass, 62, composer
                     - Anthony LaPaglia, 40, actor, "Murder One"
                     - John Lydon, 43, a.k.a. Johnny Rotten, singer, The Sex Pistols/PIL
                     - Kelly Lynch, 40, actress, "Drugstore Cowboy"
                     - Norman Mailer, 76, novelist
                     - Suzanne Pleshette, 62, actress, "The Bob Newhart Show"
                     - Nolan Ryan, 52, MLB Hall of Fame Pitcher, All-time strikeout
                       leader (5,714)
                     - Jessica Walter, 55, actress, "Play Misty for Me"