- 1347: Calais, France, surrendered to Edward III of England in the
                 Hundred Years War.
               - 1460: Scottish King James II was killed during the siege of
                 Roxburgh Castle by English troops.
               - 1492: Christopher Columbus left Spain with three ships -- the
                 Nina, the Pinta and the Santa Maria -- on the voyage that first
                 took him to the New World.
               - 1678: The first ship built on American soil was constructed by
                 Robert LaSalle.
               - 1769: The La Brea Tar Pits in California were discovered.
               - 1795: The U.S. gained the Ohio Territory after signing treaties
                 with Native American tribes.
               - 1858: John Specke discovered Lake Victoria, the source of the Nile
                 River.
               - 1908: The subway in Philadelphia opened.
               - 1914: Germany declared war on France, and Britain warned Germany
                 not to invade Belgium in World War I.
               - 1921: John Macready flew the first crop dusting airplane to dust
                 a grove in Ohio to kill caterpillars.
               - 1948: Whittaker Chambers accused former State Department official
                 Alger Hiss of being part of a Communist underground movement --
                 a charge he denied.
               - 1956: Bedloe's Island, where the Statue of Liberty sits, was
                 renamed Liberty Island.
               - 1981: Air traffic controllers went on an illegal strike and two
                 days later President Reagan fired them.
               - 1987: The Iran-Contra hearings ended, with no link tying President
                 Reagan to the scandal.

               *Happy Birthday*
               ----------------
               - Tony Bennett, 72, singer, "I Left My Heart in San Francisco"
               - James Hetfield, 35, vocalist/guitarist Metallica
               - John Landis, 48, director, "An American Werewolf in London"
               - Marv Levy, 70, fomer NFL coach with Buffalo Bills
               - Martin Sheen, 58, actor/director, "Gandhi," "Apocalypse Now"
               - Martha Stewart, 57, author, the ultimate homemaker
               - Leon Uris, 74, novelist, "Exodus," "QB VII"