- 1498: Christopher Columbus landed on "Isla Santa" (Venezuela).
                - 1619: Twenty blacks became the first to land in the United States
                  at Jamestown, Va.
                - 1793: France became the first country to use the metric system.
                - 1834: The British empire outlawed slavery.
                - 1867: Blacks voted for the first time in a state election.
                - 1914: In World War I, Emperor Wilhelm II declared war on Tsar
                  Nicolas II; Germany declared war on Russia.
                - 1942: Jerry Garcia of The Grateful Dead was born in San Francisco
                  (d: Aug. 9, 1995).
                - 1944: Anne Frank made her last diary entry; three days later
                  she was arrested with her family and sent to Bergen-Belsen
                  concentration camp where she died at age 15.
                - 1946: President Truman signed the Fulbright scholarship program
                  and established the Atomic Energy Commission.
                - 1953: California introduced a sales tax to fund education.
                - 1957: The U.S. and Canada created the North American Air Defense
                  Command, better known as NORAD.
                - 1958: The USS Nautilus atomic sub made its first dive under
                  the North Pole.
                - 1966: Former marine Charles Whitman killed 13 people and wounded 31
                  before police killed him at the University of Texas.
                - 1972: Bernstein and Woodward wrote the first article exposing the
                  Watergate scandal.
                - 1976: In Loveland, Colo., a flash flood in Big Thompson Canyon on
                  Route 34 killed 139.

                *Happy Birthday*
                ----------------
                - Tempestt Bledsoe, 25, actress, "The Cosby Show"
                - Robert Cray, 45, blues guitarist
                - Sen. Alfonse d'Amato, 61, R-New York
                - Dom DeLuise, 65, actor
                - Arthur Hill, 76, actor
                - Jack Kramer, 77, tennis player
                - Yves Saint Laurent, 62, fashion designer
                - Robert James Waller, 59, author, "The Bridges of Madison County"